My research focuses on the relationships between animals, their environment and parasitism. It focuses in particular on animal responses to the many constraints and changes in the environment (weather conditions, availability of habitats, parasitism) and in human activities (tourism, hunting, livestock farming), and their consequences for the health and dynamics of animal populations. More recently, I have developed a number of research projects on the transmission of parasites between domestic and wild animals, as well as on the problems of parasite resistance to antiparasitic drugs.
- Eco-epidemiology of parasitism
In a population in equilibrium with its environment (e.g. no over-density), the level of infestation of individuals within the same population is highly variable, with the majority of individuals being lightly parasitised and a small proportion heavily parasitised and heavily contaminating the environment and other animals ('super-excretors' or 'super-spreaders'). Identifying the factors behind this individual variability in susceptibility to pathogens and their spread (and therefore the risk of them contaminating other individuals) is a major issue for the health and management of wild and domestic species.
Over the last few decades, wild ungulate populations have increased in density and species are increasingly overlapping. At the same time, they are facing changes in their environment (climate, habitats and available food resources). In addition, most of these species are hunted, sometimes with strong hunting pressure and selection of the animals shot, which can lead to phenotypic and genetic changes in the population. The increased density of individuals and the overlapping of species are conducive to the transmission of pathogens between individuals. Similarly, poor body condition of individuals (e.g. high density, lack of resources) makes them more susceptible to parasitism.
Hosts are not the only ones affected by environmental change. These changes also affect the dynamics of parasite populations. The movement of people and animals and/or their interactions can lead to changes in existing parasite populations, such as the arrival or exchange of new species or treatment-resistant strains. In a world of variable environmental conditions and ever-increasing constraints, it is important to determine the causes of changes in the balance between the host and its parasites, as well as the consequences for the dynamics of host and parasite populations, in order to propose the most effective solutions.
- Resistance to anthelmintics and cross-transmission of parasites between domestic and wild ungulates
Gastrointestinal strongyles are cosmopolitan parasites of ungulates, causing production losses, clinical disorders and major economic losses in livestock. The development and use of antiparasitic molecules has been a major advance in animal health, initially leading to better control of parasitism and its medical and economic impact. However, their widespread and repeated use throughout the world has encouraged the development of parasite strains resistant to the main families of antiparasitics available (e.g. benzimidazoles [BDZ], macrocyclic lactones [LM]), with resistance levels that are sometimes very high and worrying for the livestock industry, particularly in small ruminants. BDZs have very high levels of resistance in small ruminants, but resistance to LMs and multi-drug resistance are increasingly being described.
As a result of ongoing global changes, contact between wildlife, domestic animals and humans is tending to increase. This means that wildlife can be contaminated by pathogens from domestic animals, including parasites that are pathogenic and/or resistant to anthelmintics, and in turn participate in their dissemination.
In recent work, we have been able to show the presence of BDZ-resistant parasites in significant proportions in ibex, despite the fact that sheep had been absent from pastures for several months. These results show that resistant strains are maintained in the environment and/or in ibex from one year to the next in the absence of sheep. This raises the question of the role of wildlife in the dynamics of resistant parasite strains: are they victims of contamination of their environment by domestic animals or are they more “responsible” for maintaining resistant strains (reservoir role)? Understanding the role of wildlife in the dynamics of resistant parasites at the domestic animal-wildlife interface is an important issue for integrative resistance management.
Publications
Display of 61 to 90 publications on 92 in total
Assessment of diagnostic tests in the absence of a gold standard: a Bayesian approach simultaneously using latent class and mixture models for the diagnosis of bovine dictyocaulosis
BAYES2019 Lyon: Bayesian Biostatistics .
Conference paper
see the publicationUn cas d’echec de traitement sélectif de la dictyocaulose avec de l’éprinomectine injectable dans un troupeau de vaches laitières
Bulletin des G.T.V. . 94 : 105-114
Journal article
see the publicationPertinence d'un traitement sélectif à l'échelle du groupe lors de dictyocaulose bovine
Journées Nationales des GTV .
Conference paper
see the publicationDetection of tick-borne pathogens in questing Ixodes ricinus in the French Pyrenees and first identification of Rickettsia monacensis in France
Parasite . 26 : 20
Journal article
see the publicationDoes host socio-spatial behavior lead to a fine-scale spatial genetic structure in its associated parasites?
Parasite . 26 : 64
Journal article
see the publicationGenetic resistance against parasitism in female Mediterranean mouflon: Involvement of both neutral and adaptive genetic diversity
Labex EcoFect Annual Meeting .
Conference paper
see the publicationBoth candidate gene and neutral genetic diversity correlate with parasite resistance in female Mediterranean mouflon
BMC Ecology . 19 : 1-14
Journal article
see the publicationFatal strongyloidiasis in a puppy from France
Veterinary Record Case Reports . 6 ( 2 ) : e000415
Journal article
see the publicationLandscape genetics matches with behavioral ecology and brings new insight on the functional connectivity in Mediterranean mouflon
Landscape Ecology . 33 ( 7 ) : 1069-1085
Journal article
see the publicationSocial behaviour as a predominant driver of sexual, age-dependent and reproductive segregation in Mediterranean mouflon
Animal Behaviour . 136 : 87-100
Journal article
see the publicationDiagnosis of bovine dictyocaulosis by bronchoalveolar lavage technique: A comparative study using a Bayesian approach
Preventive Veterinary Medicine . 154 : 124-131
Journal article
see the publicationThe influence of early‐life allocation to antlers on male performance during adulthood: Evidence from contrasted populations of a large herbivore
Journal of Animal Ecology . 87 ( 4 ) : 921-932
Journal article
see the publicationImmunosenescence patterns differ among populations of a long-lived mammal.
Journée Annuelle 2017 du LabEx ECOFECT . : http://oldecofect.universite-lyon.fr/
Poster
see the publicationIntroduction history overrides social factors in explaining genetic structure of females in Mediterranean mouflon
Ecology and Evolution . 7 ( 22 ) : 9580 - 9591
DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3433
Journal article
see the publicationImmunosenescence patterns differ between populations but not between sexes in a long-lived mammal
Scientific Reports . 7 ( 1 )
Journal article
see the publicationLa sénescence du système immunitaire : Différences entre les deux populations d’une espèce longévive , le chevreuil.
1er Forum des LabEx Santé en Auvergne Rhône-Alpes . : https://www.univ-lyon1.fr/agenda/1er-forum-des-labex-sante-en-auvergne-rhone-alpes
Poster
see the publicationImmunosenescence patterns differ among populations of a long-lived mammal.
BES Annual Meeting 2016 . : https://www.britishecologicalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/BES-Programme-2016-web.pdf
Poster
see the publicationLes babésioses canines, équines et bovines : Maladies historiques ou émergentes…?
Musée des Sciences Biologiques Docteur Merieux . : 1 p.
Poster
see the publicationCoupling scale-specific habitat selection and activity reveals sex-specific food/cover trade-offs in a large herbivore
Animal Behaviour . 102 : 169-187
Journal article
see the publicationHabitat-related variation in carcass mass of a large herbivore revealed by combining hunting and GPS data
Journal of Wildlife Management . 78 : 657-670
Journal article
see the publicationImpacts of tourism and hunting on a large herbivore's spatio-temporal behavior in and around a French protected area
Biological Conservation . 177 : 1-11
Journal article
see the publicationA comparison of the physiological status in parasitized roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from two different populations
Veterinary Parasitology . 205 : 717-720
Journal article
see the publicationDo ecologically close species shift their daily activities when in sympatry? A test on chamois in the presence of mouflon
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society . 111 : 621-626
DOI: 10.1111/bij.12228
Journal article
see the publicationSex-specific adjustments in habitat selection contribute to buffer mouflon against summer conditions
Behavioral Ecology . 26 ( 2 ) : 472-482
Journal article
see the publicationHaematological parameters do senesce in the wild: evidence from different populations of a long-lived mammal.
Journal of Evolutionary Biology . 27 ( 12 ) : 2745-52
DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12535
Journal article
see the publicationLa coproscopie chez le cheval
Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire . 8 : 116--120
Journal article
see the publicationDaily responses of mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon \texttimes Ovis sp.) activity to summer climatic conditions
Canadian Journal of Zoology . 89 : 765-773
DOI: 10.1139/Z11-046
Journal article
see the publicationWhat determines global positioning system fix success when monitoring free-ranging mouflon?
European Journal of Wildlife Research . 55 : 603-613
Journal article
see the publicationWhat shapes intra-specific variation in home range size? A case study of female roe deer
Oikos . 118 : 1299-1306
Journal article
see the publicationEtude des variations spatio-temporelles de l'activité et de l'utilisation des ressources par les herbivores. L'exemple du mouflon méditerranéen (Ovis gmelini musimon x Ovis sp.) et du chevreuil (Capreolus capreolus).
Thesis
see the publication